Acne and It's Prevention Tips

An acne rash is a little pustule or a papule. Acne develops when the sebaceous or oily glands become clogged and infected, resulting in swelling, redness, and purulent lesions.

Acne rashes most often affect the face, back, chest and shoulders. This is due to the fact that there are many sebaceous glands in these areas of the skin.

How acne develop.

 Acne occurs when sebuma, an oily substance that lubricates the hair and skin, and dead skin cells clog up the hair follicles. Bacteria can cause inflammation and infection, resulting in stronger acne.

What can I do about pimples?

Wash your face once or twice a day with mild soap and warm water to prevent the accumulation of fat, which can contribute to acne. Do not scrub your face with a sponge - pimples cannot be washed off, and scrubbing can aggravate pimples by irritating skin and pores. Try to clean your face as gently as possible.

If you are wearing makeup or sunscreen, make sure it is labeled "not comedogenic" or "naked". This means it does not clog pores or encourage acne. And when you wash your face, make sure you take the time to remove all makeup so it doesn't clog pores.

The acne rash isn't really relieved by the sun. While tanning can make pimples less pronounced, it doesn't help them disappear forever - and some people find that the oils their skin produces after tanning make pimples worse.

If you use hairspray or gels, try to keep them away from your face, as they can also clog pores. If you have long hair that touches your face, you should wash it often enough to prevent oil from getting into it. And if you have a job after school where you come into contact with oil - at a fast food restaurant or gas station, for example - wash your face well when you come home. Washing your face after exercise can also help.

There are many over-the-counter lotions and creams containing salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide to prevent acne and clean it at the same time. You can experiment with them to see which ones help. Be sure to follow the instructions - don't use more than you should at one time (your skin may dry out too much and feel and look worse), and follow all the instructions on the allergic test label.

Some people notice that their flashes become stronger if they eat too much certain food. If you are one of these people, it is worth trying to reduce the amount of this food to see what is happening.

Symptoms

Open a common pop-up dialog boxCommon AcneCastic Acne 

Open a pop-up dialog box with cystic acne

The signs and symptoms of acne vary depending on the severity of your condition:

White-headed (closed clogged pores)

Corners (open clogged pores)

Little red, delicate cones (papules)

Pimples (pustules), which are papules with pus at the tip.

Large, hard, painful nodules under the surface of the skin (nodules)

Painful, pus-filled lumps under the surface of the skin (cystic lesions)

Reasons

Four major factors cause pimples:

Excess oil production

Hair follicles are clogged with oil and dead skin cells.

Bacteria

Excessive activity of one type of hormone (androgens)

Acne rashes usually appear on the face, forehead, chest, upper back and shoulders, as these skin areas have the most oily (sebaceous) glands. The hair follicles are connected to the oil glands.

The wall of the follicle can bulge and form a white head. Or the plug can be opened to the surface and obscured to form a dark head. The eel may look like dirt that gets stuck in the pores. In fact, the pores are clogged with bacteria and oil, which turn brown when exposed to air.

Pimples are raised red spots with a white center that appear when the clogged hair follicles are inflamed or contaminated with bacteria. Blockages and inflammation that develop deep inside the hair follicles create cyst-like lumps under the surface of the skin. Other pores in the skin, which are the holes in the sweat glands, do not usually participate in acne.

Treatment

If you have tried over-the-counter (over-the-counter) pimple medication for several weeks and it has not helped, your doctor may prescribe stronger medication. Your dermatologist can help you with this:

Control your pimples

Avoid scars or other skin damage

Lessen the chance of scars

Acne medications work by reducing oil production, speeding up skin cell turnover, fighting bacterial infections or reducing inflammatory processes - all of which help prevent scarring. With most prescription acne medications, results may not show for four to eight weeks, and your skin may get worse before it gets better. It can take many months or years for the acne to completely disappear.

The treatment regimen recommended by your doctor depends on your age, the type and severity of your pimples, and what you are willing to do. For example, you may need to wash twice a day for a few weeks and apply medication to the affected skin. Often, local medicines and medicines that you take orally (oral medicines) are used in combination. Pregnant women may not take oral prescription acne medication.

Medicines for local use

The most common local prescription acne medications are as follows

Retinoids and retinoids. They come in creams, gels and lotions. Retinoids are derived from vitamin A and include tertinoin (Avita, Retin A, others), adaptaline (Differin) and tazarotin (Tazorak, Avage). You use this medicine in the evening, starting three times a week, and then daily as your skin gets used to it. It works by preventing hair follicles from clogging.

Antibiotics. They work by killing excess bacteria on your skin and reducing redness. During the first few months of treatment, you can use both retinoids and antibiotics, in the morning and in the evening, retinoids. Antibiotics are often combined with benzoyl peroxide to reduce the likelihood of antibiotic resistance. Examples are clindamycin with benzoyl peroxide (benzaclyn, duac, acania) and erythromycin with benzoyl peroxide (benzamycin). Only local antibiotics are not recommended.

Salicylic and azelaic acids. Azelaic acid is an acid of natural origin found in whole grains and animal products. It has antibacterial properties. A cream with 20% azelaic acid seems as effective as many conventional pimple control treatments when used twice a day for at least four weeks. It is even more effective when used in combination with erythromycin. Prescription azelaic acid (azelex, finacera) can be used during pregnancy and lactation. Side effects include discoloration of the skin and slight skin irritation.

Salicylic acid can help prevent clogging of hair follicles and is available for both washing and care. There is limited research to prove its effectiveness.

Dapson. Dapson (Aczone) 5% gel twice a day is recommended for inflammatory acne, especially in adult women with acne. Side effects include redness and dryness.

There is no clear evidence of the use of zinc, sulfur, nicotinamide, resorcinol, sodium sulfraftamine or aluminum chloride for local acne treatment.

Oral medications

Antibiotics. For moderate to severe acne, oral antibiotics may be needed to reduce bacteria and fight inflammation. Usually the first choice for acne treatment is tetracycline - like minocycline or doxycycline - or macrolide.

Oral antibiotics should be used as soon as possible to prevent antibiotic resistance.

Oral antibiotics are best used in conjunction with local retinoids and benzoyl peroxide. Studies have shown that the use of topical benzoyl peroxide in combination with oral antibiotics can reduce the risk of antibiotic resistance.

Antibiotics can cause side effects such as stomach upset and dizziness. These drugs also increase skin sensitivity to the sun.

Oral combination contraceptives. Four oral combination contraceptives are approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat acne in women who want to use them for contraception. These are products that combine oestrogen and progestin (Ortho Tri-Cyclen, Yaz, others). You may not see the benefits of this treatment for several months, so using other acne medications may help in the first few weeks.

The most common side effects of these drugs are weight gain, breast tenderness and nausea. One of the serious possible complications is a slightly increased risk of blood clots.

Antiandrogenic agents. The drug spironolactone (aldactone) may be considered in women and adolescent girls if oral antibiotics do not help. It works by blocking the action of androgen hormones on the sebaceous glands. Possible side effects include breast tenderness and painful periods.

Isotretinoin. Isotretinoin (Amnesteem, Claravis, Sotret) is a strong drug for people whose severe acne does not respond to other treatments.

Oral isotretinoin is very effective. But because of its potential side effects, doctors must keep a close eye on everyone they treat with this drug. Potential side effects include ulcerative colitis, increased risk of depression, suicide and serious congenital defects. In fact, isotretinoin is so serious a risk of side effects that all individuals receiving isotretinoin must participate in the FDA-approved risk management programme.

Therapy

These therapies can be offered in individual cases, either alone or in combination with drugs.

Laser and photodynamic therapy. Various light therapies have been tested with some success. However, further research is needed to determine the ideal method, light source and dose.

Chemical peeling. In this procedure, a chemical solution such as salicylic, glycolic or retinoic acid is used repeatedly. Any improvement in acne is short-lived, so repeated procedures are usually necessary.

Removal of eels and white-headed people. Your doctor may use special tools to gently remove eels and eels (comedones) that have not been cleaned with local medicines. This technique can cause scars.

Injection of steroids. Nodular and cystic lesions can be treated by direct steroid injection. This therapy has led to rapid improvement and reduction of pain. Side effects may include dilution in the treated area.

Homemade treatment products

There are many available home remedies for acne, but not all of them are supported by research.

Diet: It is not clear what role diet plays in worsening acne. Scientists have found that people who eat a diet that provides a good supply of vitamins A and E, as well as zinc, may have a lower risk of developing severe acne. A review paper describes the relationship between pimples and diet as 'controversial', but suggests that a diet with low glycemic load can help.

Tea tree oil: A study of 60 patients published in the Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy suggests that 5% tea tree oil can help treat acne from mild to moderate.

Tea: There is some evidence that polyphenols from tea, including green tea used in a local formulation, can be useful in reducing sebum production and treating acne. However, in this case the compounds were extracted from the tea rather than used directly.

Moisturizers: They can soothe the skin, especially in people who use acne treatment like isotretinoin, researchers say. Moisturizers containing at least 10 percent aloe vera or witch hazel can have soothing and possibly anti-inflammatory effects.

Prevention and treatment tips

Here are some tips for skin care with pimples or acne prone to acne.

Wash your face twice a day at most with warm water and mild soap specially formulated for acne.

Do not scrub the skin or let the pimples burst, as this may push the infection further down, causing more blockages, swelling and redness.

Avoid rupturing pimples, as this makes scarring more likely.

A specialist can treat acne that needs to be removed quickly for cosmetic reasons.

Do not touch the face.

Keep your phone away from your face when you are talking, as it may contain sebum and sebum residues.

Wash your hands often, especially before applying lotions, creams or make-up.

Wash your glasses regularly, as they may contain sebum and sebum deposits.

If you have pimples on your back, shoulders or chest, try to wear loose clothing so that your skin can breathe. Avoid tight-fitting clothes such as headbands, hats, and scarves, or wash them regularly if they are worn.

Choose makeup for sensitive skin and avoid oil-based products. Remove your makeup before going to bed.

Use an electric shaver or a safety razor when shaving. Soften the skin and beard with warm soapy water before applying the shaving cream.

Keep hair clean as grease and skin remains accumulate in your hair. Avoid oily hair products such as those containing cocoa butter.

Avoid excessive exposure to the sun, as this can lead to increased sebum production on the skin. Different medicines for acne increase the risk of sunburn.

Avoid anxiety and stress as they may increase the production of cortisol and adrenaline, which exacerbate acne.

Try to stay cool and dry in hot and humid climates to avoid sweating.

Acne is a common problem. It can lead to severe symptoms, but there are treatments that are effective in many cases.